PROCESS UNITS >> HCL GAS GENERATION UNIT  

Commercial Hydrochloric acid is available in the market as 30% aqueous solution, But for certain applications e.g. bulk drug and pharmaceuticals HCl is required in anhydrous state for critical reactions where moisture cannot be tolerated. Such users generate anhydrous HCl from commercial grade for their captive consumption.

METHOD

Several methods have been adopted by industries, but generation by Sulphuric Acid Route and Boiling Route are commonly practiced.

We offer Calcium Chloride Route Also.

SULPHURIC ACID ROUTE

Working Principle

Hydrochloric acid is highly soluble in water but the solubility diminishes in presence of H2SO4 acid. At 70 to 75% H2SO4 concentration its solubility is negligible. Thus by adding (98%) commercial Sulphuric acid to commercial hydrochloric acid (30%) in proper ratio the entire HCl can be liberated in gaseous form leaving 75% H2SO4 as spent acid.

Process Outline :-

Metered quantities of commercial Sulphuric acid and Hydrochloric acid are fed to the unit where they mix in the mixing zone. The gas generated forms a froth and enters the Generation Zone where while traveling through a bed, gas is released which travels upwards through the drying zone. Here the gas comes in intimate contact with downward flow of 98% H2SO4. The dry gas leaving the process through a rotameter. The spent liquor containing 70-75% H2SO4 passes through the cooling zone before being discharged.

Salient Features :-

  • Operational reliability the unit can be started/stopped in seconds
  • Available in wide range of capacities from  5 to 200 kg/hr of dry HCL.
  • Except cooling water no other utility e.g steam chilled water e.g required.
  • Anhydrous gas.
  • Capable of operating from 25 to 120%.
  • Ease of installation.
  • Negligible pressure drop.
  • High Efficiency 99%

Indicative Raw-Material & Utilities for 20kg/hr HCL :-

30% HCL       - 70 kg/hr
98% H2SO4   - 170 kg/hr
Cooling Water - 2 M3/hr

BOILING ROUTE

Working Principle :-

Aqueous Hydrochloric acid forms a maximum boiling point azeotrope at 110° C containing 20.24% HCL at atmospheric pressure. Thus by distilling commercial Hydrochloric acid (30%) pure HCL gas can be generated and spent acid will contain over 20.24% HCL.

Process Outline :-

Metered quantity of commercial Hydrochloric acid is preheated in a preheater by steam and fed to a fractionating column with steam as heating media in the reboiler. The vapours leaving the column are condensed with coolant as cooling water and chilled brine in stages. The relatively dry gas passes through a mist eliminator and then through a rotameter. The spent acid containing  22% HCL is cooled through a cooler and then discharged.

Salient Features :-

  • Operational reliability
  • Available in wide range capacities from 5 kg/hr to 200 kg/hr of dry HCL.
  • Except commercial hydrochloric acid, no other raw-material is required.
  • Anhydrous Gas.
  • Capable of operating from 25-100%
  • Ease of Installation
  • Negligible pressure drop

Indicative Raw-Material & Utilities for 20kg/hr HCL :-

30% HCL                -  200 Kg/hr
Saturated Steam     -  50 Kg/hr
Cooling Water         -  3.5 M3/hr
Chilled Brine            -  4 M3/hr


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